n To Be More Assertive in Mixed - Sex Task - Oriented Discussions 1

This study tests the effectiveness of assertiveness training in increasing the level o f women's participation in a small mixed-sex task-oriented discussion. Undergraduate women who met both self-descriptive and behavioral criteria for low activity participated with three active undergraduates in a pretest and posttest discussion, each with a different topic and with nonoverlapping group membership, as well as in either an experimental or a control intervention. Experimental subjects received behavioral training in assertiveness while functioning essentially as a fifth member of several tape-recorded discussions. Assertiveness training was successful, with experimental subjects differing from controls on dependent measures reflecting three independent sources of information: (a) the subject's own behavior, as coded by an experimental assistant; (b) pretest and postttest group members' perceptions of the subject's behavior; and (c) the subject's perceptions of her own behavior. These results are interpreted as consistent with the view that a lack of assertiveness in the presence of men-rather than any lack of substantive knowledge or conceptual skill-depresses women's participation in mixed-sex discussions.